When calculating pressure, which of the following values is necessary?

To calculate pressure, the necessary values are area and force. Pressure is defined as the force applied per unit area. This relationship is mathematically expressed by the formula:

[ \text{Pressure} = \frac{\text{Force}}{\text{Area}} ]

In this context, the force represents the total force exerted perpendicular to the surface area, and the area is the size of the surface over which that force is distributed. Therefore, knowing both the force and the area allows one to calculate the pressure exerted.

While other options such as temperature, volume and mass, or work done can be relevant in various contexts of thermodynamics and fluid mechanics, they are not directly required to calculate the fundamental measure of pressure. Temperature can affect pressure in specific relations, like in the ideal gas law, but it is not a direct component of the pressure calculation by itself. Similarly, volume and mass pertain to different concepts in physics and engineering, and work done relates to energy transfer, not pressure calculation.