How does an accumulator function in a refrigeration system?

The function of an accumulator in a refrigeration system is critical for maintaining the efficiency and effectiveness of the system. It plays a vital role in storing excess liquid refrigerant to prevent compressor flooding, which can occur when too much liquid refrigerant enters the compressor. If liquid refrigerant reaches the compressor, it can cause damage due to the compressor not being able to compress liquid effectively.

The accumulator serves as a reservoir, capturing surplus liquid refrigerant that has not yet evaporated. This allows only vapor to be drawn into the compressor, ensuring that it operates correctly and safely. By maintaining the appropriate amount of refrigerant in the compressor, the accumulator helps enhance the refrigeration system's performance and longevity, preventing potential operational issues and failures.

The other options highlight functions that do not align with the primary role of an accumulator, reinforcing the understanding of its specific purpose within a refrigeration system.